EFFECTIVENESS OF INTERVENTION ABOUT SELF-CARE MANAGEMENT ON GLYCEMIC CONTROL AND QUALITY OF LIFE AMONG TYPE 2 DIABETES PATIENTS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS

Abstract

Background: 

This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the effectiveness of various interventions for improving self-care management, glycemic control, and quality of life among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Eight studies employing diverse methodologies were included, encompassing interventions such as health coaching, educational programs, peer support, and technology-enhanced approaches. Objectives: To evaluate the impact of self-care management interventions on glycemic control (HbA1c reduction) and quality of life in individuals with T2DM. 

Methods: 

A systematic search identified randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi experimental studies. Data extraction focused on intervention types, sample size, study design, duration, and outcomes. Meta-analysis was conducted using weighted mean differences (WMD) for HbA1c and standardized mean differences (SMD) for quality-of-life scores. 

Results: 

The systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrated that self-care management interventions significantly improved glycemic control and quality of life among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Across the Eight included studies, interventions such as health coaching, nurse-led education, and mobile health-enhanced peer support led to substantial reductions in HbA1c levels, with mean decreases ranging from 0.5% to 1.2%. These reductions were clinically meaningful and surpassed thresholds for diabetes management effectiveness. Additionally, most interventions improved dietary habits, reduced diabetes distress, and enhanced overall quality of life. Notably, technology-based interventions and peer support programs showed higher adherence and sustained benefits over time. These findings underscore the effectiveness of structured and individualized self-care interventions in empowering patients to achieve better metabolic control and well-being.

 Conclusions: 

Self-care management interventions, particularly those integrating behavioral counseling, peer support, and technology, significantly improve glycemic control and quality of life in T2DM patients. Further research is warranted to optimize intervention designs and assess their long-term sustainability.